Holladay

Holladay  [|The Greek Dark Ages] The Mycenaean civilization dissipated around 1200-1100B.C. because of an economic decline mixed with invading nomads this led to the Dark ages. The Mycenean nation was crippled at the time because of an economic decline.This allowed the Dorian invaders to overrun a strong, well-organized, millitaristic nation. The Dorians were a group of barbaric nomads from northern greece who are thought to be the predecessors of the Spartans. Historians believe that after the invasion of the barbarian nomads that the Mycenaeans broke off into tribes some migrating to the islands in the Aegian and some settled on the Greek peninsula. Little is known about the Dark Ages because anything that would leave an impression was abandoned. Art, writing, and so simply dissolved as Greece split apart. Even Greece's large trade network was neglected. However, it was supposedly a peaceful time which allowed the Greeks time to get back on their feet. In the last years of the Dark Ages Greeks began to urbanize and reform a nation.

http://www.historynet.com/weaponry-greek-phalanx.htm http://www.livius.org/pha-phd/phalanx/phalanx.html http://www.richeast.org/htwm/Greeks/kapost/ship.html Ancient Greece’s Military Forces Greece’s military was exceptional on land and sea. The hoplite and phalanx dominated any fight. The hoplites were citizen-soldiers rich enough to afford weapons and armors. A Hoplites weapons were a long spear that was used for most of the battle and a sword to kill any remaing enemy soldiers after the Phalanx broke through. The Hoplite is armored with A tall bronze shield, a bronze breastplate, and a skirt of stiff linen. The Phalanx was a square formation of Hoplites with men armed shoulder to shoulder with spears sticking out forming a nearly impenetrable wall. The Greeks became adept at maneuvering the phalanxes by each man moving his spear and then turning never allowing a break in the wall of shields. Once the spears had done their work and the enemy were falling apart the hoplites pull out their swords and finish off the remaining enemies. Greece’s navy was just as efficient and powerful. The trireme was the warship used by the Greeks. 120 feet long and narrow armed with 170 rowers, 4 archers, 14 spearmen, and 25 sailors and officers. The front of the triremes are equipped with battering rams that can cripple enemy ships. The triremes are quick and maneuverable and smash their ram into the enemy ship or brush the side of the ship and snap off the oars leaving the ship useless. The Greeks were adept at both naval and land combat and so were extremely hard to beat.  [|www.cgarena.com]  http://whyfiles.org/235loot/images/caryatids.jpg http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2018/2088100423_0bf856855d.jpg?v=0 Ancient Greece had many beautiful cities such as Athens that were built with amazing architecture and decorated with beautiful patterns and statues. The buildings were built with white stone and made into hard corners. Most of the buildings were plainly built however the more important buildings such as the Parthenon had statues carved around the top or patterns carved into the stone and were adorned with many columns. Columns were a large part of Greek architecture, and all large buildings had them. The patterns on the columns are generally grooves running vertically top to bottom or sometimes statues were carved in place of columns. Statues were a common form of decoration and one of the more popular themes of Greek art. The carved as decoration portrayed the beauty and grace of motion and were sometimes sculptures of the artist’s view of a certain god while the ones used as columns were more rigid as they were required to hold up the roof. Ancient Greek art and architecture blended together using many columns and statues which created beautiful structures.

Persia defeated Greece had outmaneuvered and outsmarted the Persian’s at every battle and they delivered the final crushing blow at the Battle of Platea. Greece had already defeated Persia at [|Thermopylae], [|Marathon,] and [|Salamis,] so Platea was the icing on the cake. After the battle of Salamis, Xerxes left Greece but he kept a large force under command of General Mardonius there. Mardonius burned Athens and everything else in his path and then settled down for the winter in plain in the middle of [|Greece]. The Greeks lead by the Spartan’s positioned themselves in the foothills of Mt. Cithaeron. Mardonius attempted to draw out the Greek’s with his cavalry and when that failed attempted to separate them from their supplies. Eventually, the Greeks went down to the plain and small battles broke out. The Greeks managed to cut off some of the Persian’s supplies while the Persian’s poisoned the Greek’s water. The Greek general, Pausanias, sent less experienced troops to find a new water supply, this action caused Mardonius to believe that Greeks had split and so he charged. The Greeks then rallied together and defeated the Persians. This was the fourth major victory for the Greeks and the last main battle but it still took a long while to finally put an end to the Persian Wars. http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/persianwars/g/Plataea.htm

1. How did the philosophers view of Truth change from the Milesians to the Sophists? 2. Was Sparta's method of solving their problems the right way to go? 3. Was the creation of the Delian League a good thing? Why or Why not?