Gibson

Gibson Gibson [|Phoenician Trade]

  Phoenician trade was greatly affected by geography, technology, and navigation. The location of the city made it easy to make port towns all along the coast. This allowed ships to come and go all over the coast, allowing goods to move quickly. This also allowed nations form all over to come to the closest port town easily. The Phoenicians were able to build ships with keeled hulls. This allowed them to sail the open seas, making trade partners across the sea and trading with them. Trade could then spread to several nations, promoting the Phoenician’s trade. Expertise in navigation helped the Phoenicians figure out that Polaris was in the North, allowing them to find know their directions. They also had a method, unknown to us, of figuring out the ships speed of sailing. Combined with the ability to tell direction, this allowed the Phoenicians to know where they were any given time and plot the shortest path to trading partners, allowing quick and efficient trade.

http://www.livius.org/pb-pem/peloponnesian_war/thirty.html http://history.boisestate.edu/westciv/peloponn/17.shtml http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/peloponnesianwar/p/30tyrants.htm <span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif">Aftermath of Peloponnesian War <span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"> <span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"> Athens faced many hardships before it was able to recover. In the terms of Athens surrender, it had to destroy its long walls and its fleet. It also had to recall those exiled and hand over control of Athens to Sparta. Under Sparta’s control, Spartan Hegemony began. During this time, hundreds of Athenians died, thousands exiled. Sparta set up an Oligarchy to replace the democracy. There were 30 people at the head of the oligarchy, called the Thirty Tyrants. These tyrants abused their power for the sake of greed. They also pushed away Sparta’s allies, such as Thebes. However, the people soon rebelled against the 30 tyrants and Democracy was restored. With Persia’s help, Athens was soon able to rebuild its long walls and powerful fleet.

<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif">Ancient Greek Games- Olympian Games Vases <span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif">http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/Olympics/sports.html <span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"> The vases help show the nature and importance of the Olympian Games of Ancient Greece. The vases shows men participating in different sports, such as wrestling and chariot racing. These sports are very different from the sports we see in the Olympic Games today. Also, men are the only ones shown, signifying that women did not participate in these games. The games were also very important, like today. The people who won were thought of as heroes. People would probably train a long time, as shown by the trainer on one of the vases, in order to win.

<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif">[|Three Periods of Greek Art] <span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"> Greek art progressed through three periods of art. The first period was the [|Archaic Period], which took place from 800-500 BCE. Artists created stiff and primitive pieces of art. Many of the pieces of the art had the “Archaic Smile”, as people showed their idealism. The next period was the [|Classical Period], which took place from 500-323 BCE. During this period, art has the freedom of movement and expression. The positions of sculptures were much more natural than the stiffness in the Archaic Period. The third period was the [|Hellenistic Period], which took place form 200-0 BCE. During this period, artists study reality, allowing for very detailed sculptures. Emotion and poses are very expressed, along with distinction of light and dark.