D.Barth

D. Barth Ducharme-Barth: Link: http://www.greeklandscapes.com/greece/athens_museum_classical.html

Greek art in the classical period revolved solely around the human form. Now instead of having an erect, straight, boxy, previously common statue of a man, their statues were taking on new poses. Now instead of standing, they were in action or in movement and the artist worked with the gracefulness of the body during the movement instead of making it look choppy. "During the classical period the Greek artists replaced the stiff vertical figures of the archaic period with three-dimensional snap shots of figures in action." (Classical Greece Website) Even if it was the tiniest movement like the shift from one leg to another, the Greek sculptures made sure to define every muscle and how it looked in that position. That was what was important, to make it look alive, to make it flow. Another aspect that soon took on all their new statues was that the face changed. In previous years, the statues all held some kind of smile or another, but now the faces held blank expressions even if they were fighting a war. This was because in the Greek culture it was now thought of as noble to hide your emotions even in the most passionate of moments. "The reason for this is that ancient Greeks believed that suppression of the emotions was a noble characteristic of all civilized men, while the public display of human emotion was a sign of barbarism." (Classical Greece Website) So especially in sculptures of war, the Greeks all had calm looks on their faces while their opponents could easily be seen with anger on their faces. The most important part of Greek art was the movement in the body and keeping it naturally balanced in the sculpture.

Topic: Ancient Greek Clothing Links: http://www.richeast.org/htwm/Greeks/costume/costume.html, http://www.historylink102.com/greece3/fashion.htm, http://www.ancientgreece.com/s/Clothing/

Ancient Greek clothing came in many different styles and colors and were typically home made. Some of these include the Himation, the Peplos, and the Chiton. These different styles simplified were basically that both men and women wore a kind of tunic; the women’s tunic went to her ankles while the man’s went to his knees. They were usually sleeveless and very loose; tight clothes were considered barbaric. “Clothing in ancient Greece was loose fitting, unlike the tight-fitting outfits worn by those people the Greeks considered barbarians.” ([|http://www.historylink102.com/greece3/fashion.htm)The] Peplos and the Chiton were the actual tunic worn under the Himation, which was sort of like a cloak. The Peplos and the Chiton were made of a thinner fabric than the Himation and were usually held up with a bin or broach. The Himation was draped diagonally over the shoulder and was made of something heavier, like wool. Women sometimes wore shawls instead of the Himation. “ Clothing for women and men consisted of two main garments-a tunic (either a peplos or chiton) and a cloak (himation).” ( http://www.ancientgreece.com/s/Clothing/ ) The colors were very important because they signified different things. For example, as in modern day, dark color signified mourning and the more colorful your clothing was the wealthier you were. This was because it was an expense to dye cloth, so simple folk had plainer clothes. Lots of jewelry was also very popular, even by the men. Everyone wore sandals, but only when they went outside.


 * according to http://ancient-culture.suite101.com/article.cfm/ancient_greek_clothing it says that men were the ones who wore the chitons, while the women wore a peplos, which was made of a heavier material. Also, not everyone wore sandals all the time. In fact, it wasnt uncommon for them not to where them at all.
 * According to http://www.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/Homework/greece/clothes.htm and http://ancient-culture.suite101.com/article.cfm/ancient_greek_clothing, no one usually wore shoes, unless it was absolutely needed or it was a special occasion.
 * According to http://www.ancientgreece.com/s/Clothing/ the Peplos were made of the same material with similar materials as the Himation, and the Peplos was made from a heavy fabric (wool), and Himation was also made from a heavy fabric (wool).

Link: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0126;query=chapter%3D%231261;layout=;loc=7.198.1 Will Hamilton’s Topic- The Battle of Thermopylae. Primary Source- Herodotus, The Histories (excerpt) Xerxes men and his preparation for the war Xerxes, son of Darius, had an army as great as five million, two hundred and eighty-three thousand, two hundred and twenty. (7.186.1.) No one knows how many servants were also with them or how many domestic animals that came with them, but [Herodotus] would not have been surprised that some streams became dry from all the people that drank from it. To support such a huge group of people they had to have used 110,340 bushels of wheat per day, not counting the possible number of women and animals. (7.187.1.) Xerxes and his men marched to Thessaly where he held a race for his Calvary, it also test the Thessalian Calvary because they were said to be the best around. These horse men were much faster than the Greek Calvary. (7.196.1.) Upon entering Alus in Achaea, his guides went ahead and consulted an oracle and then sacrificed someone because the oracle told them to. Xerxes and his men went around the grove where the man was sacrificed instead of through it out of reverence. (7.197.1.) These were Xerxes preparations for the war in Thessaly and Achaea.

Topic: The Uses of Olives Link: http://www.explorecrete.com/nature/olive-oil-history.html Olive oil in ancient Greece was used for practically everything. Evidence of olive presses dating back as far as 5000 B.C. it has been used by people all of the Mediterranean for thousands of years. The Minoans ate olives and olive by-products consistently in their [|diet as a cleanser]. They also used olive oil in fragrances and crèmes, and it was a main ingredient in some medicines. They actually also used it to tan, sort of like how we have tanning oil today, it served the same purpose. Sometimes it was used to protect delicate object or varnish wood and of course it was used to light things. The Greeks used it for all most of those same purposes and much more. Not only did they use the actual olives, but the tree was a symbol to them. It connected their eating with their religion and was used as a decorative piece on vases and sculptures [|in art]. It was also thought of as a symbol of peace, wisdom, and victory. Greeks would offer it as a reward at the Panathenian Games, held every four years. The winners got up to 5,000 kilos of refined olive oil. This olive oil would not be bought normally to eat, it was used to anoint the bodies of the athletes. Olive oil was in a way expensive so the more ways you used your olive oil reflected upon your wealth. Poorer people barely used it in cooking and ate lots of cereals instead.